Europe’s far-right eyes alliance despite deep divisions

Europe’s far-right is looking to overcome deep divisions and establish itself as a major player in Brussels after EU elections this week where it is expected to make significant gains.

With voters tired of a European Union handing down decisions from on high, parties like France’s National Front (FN), Britain’s UKIP and Austria’s Freedom Party (FPOe) are going strong in the polls ahead of the May 22 – 25 ballot.

But it might not be all plain sailing in the months to come.

Hoping to capitalise on recent support, the FPOe – formerly led by Joerg Haider who had praised some of Hitler’s policies – "Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty" – was even formed in the European parliament with FN, FPOe, Vlaams Belang and Bulgarian Attaka deputies.

But deep divisions remain between the various national parties despite their common "far-right" label, and an alliance will require hard work to stay alive, experts say.

Friends or foes?

The FPOe and the FN – the latter formerly led by Jean-Marie Le Pen before his daughter Marine took over – are still struggling with lingering accusations of anti-Semitism.

This has turned off potential partners like the Danish People’s Party, Finland’s far-right Finns or UKIP, whose leader Nigel Farage has rejected any alliance with the National Front.

Islamophobic comments by PVV leader Geert Wilders have meanwhile met with condemnation in France, while Hungary’s anti-Semitic Jobbik and the British National Party (BNP) have been kept at arm’s length for fear of being too extreme.

"The question is how homogeneous is this faction. Can these parties work together in the long term?" Reinhold Gaertner, a political expert at Innsbruck University, told AFP.

Far-right deputies in the parliament – numbering about 50 in the current 766-seat parliament, according to various analysts – are currently split between different factions or unaligned and isolated.

A far-right group would give them a better status, more funds and greater influence in policy-making, including seats on committees and more speaking time in parliament.

Quarreling and scandals

Twenty-five deputies from a quarter of the EU’s 28 member states are needed to set up a new parliamentary group and observers agree there are enough candidates to make this possible.

FN candidate Aymeric Chauprade has spoken of bringing together a dozen parties and some 50 deputies.

Wilders also said last week he was optimistic that eurosceptic parties including the National Front and Northern League would join forces after the European elections.

"I am very confident, I invested a lot in the last year by travelling all over Europe. We will be able to work together."

But in the long-term, issues over borders and ethnic minorities are bound to create clashes between nationalist parties, as they have in the past, Werner Bauer, a far-right expert at the Austrian political institute OeGPP, told AFP.

He also warned the group will be beset by "constant quarreling and scandals."

"Many of these movements are centred on leadership figures… and these narcissistic personalities have to first sit down together and come to an agreement."

"I think it will happen, a faction will be set up. But it probably won’t exist for very long," Bauer predicted.

In 2007, "Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty" dissolved after just 10 months after an Italian-Romanian spat prompted the departure of several Romanian MEPs.

Sim Sim Wissgott / AFP / Expatica