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You are here: Home Health & Fitness Healthcare Pandemic: NO PANIC!

21/06/2009Pandemic: NO PANIC!

The world is facing a flu pandemic. The World Health Organisation raised the level of alert to phase 6, the highest phase. What does that mean?

In general people returning from foreign countries, who develop a fever of at least 38.5 degrees within four days, should contact their doctor immediately, so that the flu variant can be diagnosed quickly.
 
This is the first time in 41 years that alarm phase 6 has been reached. The last flu pandemic was during the Hong Kong flu outbreak in 1968, in which around a million people died. Mexican flu is considered to be a much milder virus.
 
There's still a lot of uncertainty about the new flu variant that has appeared in Mexico. But people still want to know what precisely is happening and what can be done about it. Here's a selection of FAQs (frequently asked questions), and the answers.
 
1. What is swine flu?

Mexican flu would be a better name for this disease. The new virus is a mixture of influenza viruses from birds, pigs and humans. As a species, pigs constitute a big reserve of flu viruses. Because pigs are genetically very similar to humans, viruses are often exchanged between these two mammals. Now that the virus has spread from human-to-human, it is a “human virus”. The virus that caused the Spanish flu epidemic around the end of the First World War originated in birds and spread to humans via a swine variant. Strangely enough, the current 'swine flu virus' only affects humans.
 

SWINE FLU SYMPTOMS GRAPHIC

2. Can people get swine flu?

Generally speaking, a bird or swine flu virus will not cause symptoms in humans. There are exceptions, however: usually people who have intensive contact with these animals. This was the case recently with the few individuals who became ill - some died - after infection with the bird flu virus. As a result of mutation, the virus evolves in a such a way that it not only causes illness in humans but also passes from person to person. This probably happens the same way as with 'normal' flu: through people coughing and sneezing when in close proximity to others.
 
3. What are the human symptoms of swine flu?


The symptoms are the same as for 'normal' flu: a high temperature (38.5 degrees Celsius or higher), muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite and coughing. Without treatment, it may develop into pneumonia, which, in turn, may prove fatal. Medical services are advising people to contact a doctor - preferably by telephone in the first instance - at the first sign of flu symptoms. Laboratory tests can be carried out to determine what variant of the flu virus is causing the symptoms.
 

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