Tue, 29 May 2012
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| 300-800 | The Franks family controls the region of the Netherlands until, in the Eighth Century, Charlemagne is crowned and the Netherlands becomes a part of his empire. |
| 11th Century | Farmers from the Utrecht district begin to build dykes. |
| 1204 | Lord of Amstel builds a castle on the outskirts of what is to become Amsterdam. |
| 1270 | The River Amstel is dammed and a village (Aemstelledamme) is constructed on the site of Dam Square. |
| 1275 | The Gijsbrecht (Lord of Amstel) enters a power struggle with Count Floris V and the Bishop of Utrecht when Floris V bequeaths toll rights on Amsterdam and conquers West Friesland. The Lord of Amstel is forced to accept Floris V as his feudal lord. |
| 1300 | City rights are granted by the Bishop of Utrecht following the murder of Floris V by Gijsbrecht van Amstel. |
| 1313 | Aemstelledamme is granted full municipal rights by the Bishop of Utrecht. The Bishop also grants William III of Holland the right to govern the young Amsterdam. |
| 1323 | Amsterdam obtains exclusive rights to import beer from Hamburg. As a result, Amsterdam becomes prosperous, increasing its trade in a variety of goods because of its position between the Atlantic and Hanseatic ports. |
| 1419 | After coming to power, Phillip the Good establishes assemblies consisting of representatives from the nobility, clergy and towns. |
| 1452 | A fire destroys three-quarters of Amsterdam, leading to large-scale urban development. |
| 15th century | The Low Countries (the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) are unified and integrated into the Burgundian-Habsburg Empire. |
| 1519 | Amsterdam is placed under Spanish rule. |
| 1534 | Anabaptists take hold of Amsterdam town hall in an effort to establish 'New Jerusalem' on the River Amstel. |
| 1568 | Eighty Years' War begins after William the Silent arranges a Protestant revolt against Spanish rule. The Dutch sought political as well as religious freedom. |
| 1572 | William of Orange leads Amsterdam's patricians to side with the rebels. |
| 1579 | Calvinist provinces proclaim independence. The Union of Utrecht is signed, allowing freedom of religious belief but not of worship. |
| 17th century | The Netherlands enjoys a "golden age" of intellectual and artistic growth. It was also a time of great economic and urban development. |
| 1602 | The first multinational company, the East India Company, is created to profit from the lucrative trade of silks and spices. The company led to colonial expansion by the Dutch. |
| 1609-1621 | Henry Hudson sails up the American river later named after him, on a voyage for the Dutch East India Company. |
| 1621 | Dutch West India Company is established to expand and trade with America. |
| 1624 - 1654 | North-east Brazil is colonised by the Dutch. |
| 1625 | The Dutch trading post on Manhattan Island is dubbed Nieuwe Amsterdam (now known as New York). |
| 1634 | A trading post for the Dutch West India Company is established in Curacao in the Antilles. |
| 1648 | Eighty Years' War ends when the treaty of the Independence of the Republic of the United Provinces is formalised. |
| 1650-1800 | During this time, the Netherlands and England are involved in four wars over the Republic of the United Provinces' monopoly on the sea. |
| 1652 | Jan van Riebeek founds the Cape Colony. |
| 1658-1795 | Sri Lanka is colonised by the Dutch. |
| 1663 | The plague kills 23,000 people in The Netherlands |
| 1664 | The English confiscate Nieuwe Amsterdam and rename it New York after the Duke of York. |
| 1677 | William of Orange weds Mary, daughter of King James II. |
| 1689 | William of Orange becomes King William III of England. |
| 1701-1713 | Spanish War of Succession. |
| 1795-1806 | French army overruns the country, and with much support from Amsterdam, the United Provinces become the new Batavian Republic. |
| 1806 | Napoleon's brother, Louis Bonaparte, becomes king of Holland. |
| 1811 | Louis Bonaparte is removed from the throne. |
| 1813 | The Netherlands are unified, removing Amsterdam's status as a self-governing city. |
| 1815 | Amsterdam officially becomes the capital of Holland and William of Orange becomes King William I, King of the Netherlands. |
| 1830 | Belgium becomes independent as a result of the Brussels Revolution. |
| 1890-1948 | The reign of Queen Wilhelmina. |
| 1922 | Women are given the right to vote. |
| 15 May 1940 | Nazi Germany invades Holland. |
| 5 May 1945 | Canadian soldiers liberate Amsterdam. Within the same year, The Netherlands becomes a United Nations member. |
| 1948 | Queen Wilhelmina resigns as Queen in favour of her daughter, Juliana. |
| Dec. 1949 | Independence of the Dutch East Indies granted. |
| 1957 | The Netherlands joins the European Economic Union. |
| 1975 | Cannabis is decriminalised and Surinam becomes an independent republic. |
| 30 April 1980 | Queen Juliana abdicates in favour of her daughter Beatrix. |
| 1986 | Flevoland becomes the 12th province. |
| 1999 | The Netherlands adopts the euro. The Dutch government considers legalising euthanasia. |
A guide to telephone, internet and television along with utility services water, electricity and gas in the Netherlands.
Lost in the Dutch immigration system? Look no further than this guide compiled for our Survival Guide 2012.
Expatica offers a whistle-stop tour of life in the modern Netherlands.
The challenges and benefits of the maternity system in the Netherlands and how it differs to other countries.
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